Abstract: Aiming at the problem of urgent space debris removal for orbiting spacecraft, a simulation model was established, and the simulation results of two typical space-based laser debris removal methods were compared and analyzed. At the same time, the design concept of using solar panels and a large aperture foldable transmitting telescope was put forward so as to reduce the transmitting cost and increase the efficiency ratio. The results show that 10 cm space debris can be used in ablative backflow mode, while 1 cm space debris is more advantageous in direct ablative mode. This study provides a technical reference for the subsequent space-based laser system to clear space debris.