Abstract: To solve the problems of complex online inspection, low accuracy, and slow speed of profile inspection during laser dressing of complex profile forming grinding wheels, a set of image acquisition systems based on laser dressing grinding wheel machine tool was built, and a multi-profile image synthesis detection method was proposed, which defined the concept of profile wave band. Firstly, the guided filter and grayscale transformation were used to preprocess the grinding wheel profile image to enhance the features of the grinding wheel profile, and then the binary image was obtained by global thresholding segmentation and inverse binarization, and then the binary image sequence was synthesized into a profile frequency image with pixel frequency information, and the profile wave band was extracted by thresholding segmentation. Finally, the random sample consensus algorithm combined with the least squares method was used to fit the outermost edge point set of the wave band to complete the detection of straight line and circular arc features. The results show that the detection efficiency of the detection method is similar to that of the single-section visual inspection method, but the error range is reduced by 66.67%. Compared with the grinding remapping detection method, there is a fixed deviation in the inspection results, with an average error of about 7 μm, but the detection efficiency is increased by 91.67%. This method can detect the profile of the forming wheel with high precision and efficiency, which provides a new idea for the profile detection method of the forming grinding wheel.