Abstract: Airborne laser Doppler wind lidars and their applications were introduced. The basic working principle, system constitution, application modes and fields were analyzed. It was predicated that the fiber laser should be applied in airborne laser Doppler wind lidars for the wind lidars combined with all-fiber coherent laser have advantages of high accuracy, reliable measurement, fast response, and compact volume, etc. The airborne Doppler lidars can be used in many applications such as airdrop or flight safety for large airplanes since detailed meteorological parameters can be provided.