Abstract: In order to prove that near-infrared diffuse transmission spectroscopy combining with chemometrics can effectively detect the maturity of tomatoes, diffuse transmission spectroscopy data of tomatoes were obtained by using QE65000 spectrometer of Ocean Optics Company of America, and the color datum of brightness, red and green, yellow blue color and total chromatic aberration were obtained by using CR-10 reflectance colorimeter of Konica Minolta of Japan. The color model was established by the standard mathematical modeling method, and the near infrared spectroscopy model was established by the partial least squares regression correction algorithm. The results show that, the red-green phase index was the best for both models. Among the 99 unknown samples, the misjudgments of the color model were immature 0%, semi-mature 33.33% and mature 0%, while the misjudgments of the near-infrared spectroscopy prediction model were immature 32.14%, semi-mature 50% and mature 0% respectively. This study verifies the feasibility of non-destructive detection of tomato maturity by near infrared spectroscopy, which has a certain practical significance for rapid and batch sorting of tomatoes.